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HPAS Prelims Environment & Ecology Previous Year Questions (2010 – 2025)

Answering HPAS Prelims Environment and Ecology questions efficiently is increasingly critical as weightage trends upward in the Himachal Pradesh Administrative Services exam. This integrated compilation covers essential previous year questions (PYQs) related to Biodiversity, Climate Change, International Conventions, Environmental Protocols, and regional ecosystems from 2025 down to 2010. Evaluate your preparation using this clean, active quiz setup.

💡 Interactive Quiz: Click on any option in the questions below to instantly reveal the correct answer!

For detailed subject-wise explanations and in-depth solutions, click the link below:

👉 Complete Solutions with Explanations
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HPAS 2025 Environment Questions

Q13. When was the National Centre for Disaster Management established in India?
Q46. Arrange the following tiger reserves of India from North to South:

(1) Corbett
(2) Valmiki
(3) Indrawati
(4) Bhadra.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q52. Arrange the following ecological hotspots of the World from West to East:

(1) Tropical Andes
(2) Upper Guinean Forests
(3) Eastern Madagascar
(4) Melanesia (New Caledonia).

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q53. Arrange the following National Parks of India from West to East:

(1) Kanha
(2) Vansada
(3) Kaziranga
(4) Bhitarkanika.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q92. Match List I with List II:

List-I (ICFRE Centre):
(a) IWST
(b) IFB
(c) IFR
(d) RFRI

List-II (Place):
(i) Hyderabad
(ii) Jorhat
(iii) Bengaluru
(iv) Ranchi.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

HPAS 2024 Environment Questions

Q81. Gir National Park was established in the year:
Q82. In Japan, a cyclone is called as:
Q83. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Directorate of Forest Education is located at Agartala.
Statement II: Tropical Forestry Research Institute is located at Jabalpur.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Q84. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Teak is the dominant species in vast saline regions of India.
Statement II: Babul vegetation pertains to tropical evergreen rain forests.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Q85. Arrange the following National Parks of India from East to West:

(1) Corbett National Park
(2) Kanger Ghati National Park
(3) Rohla National Park
(4) Valvadore National Park.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Q86. Arrange the following Institutes of India from North to South:

(1) National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources
(2) National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources
(3) National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources
(4) National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Q87. Consider the following statements:

(1) Travancore agrobiodiversity Hot spot pertain to Rajasthan.
(2) Konkan agrobiodiversity Hot spot is in Maharashtra and Goa.
(3) National Herbarium of cultivated plants is at New Delhi.
(4) Triveni agrobiodiversity Hot spot pertain to Assam.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q89. Match List I with List II:

List I (Ramsar Site):
(a) Rudrasagar lake
(b) Harike lake
(c) Deepor Beel lake
(d) Vembanad wetland.

List II (Name of State):
(i) Punjab
(ii) Assam
(iii) Tripura
(iv) Kerala.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

HPAS 2023 Environment Questions

Q10. Lithosphere is known as:
Q12. Institute of Forest Biodiversity is located at:
Q13. The greatest worldwide use of water is for:
Q14. Which of the following is a biotic component?
Q27. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Strong Sustainability Rule is a rule which requires a separate preservation of each category of critical asset, assuming these to be complements rather than substitutes.
Statement II: Weak Sustainability is a rule which seeks to maintain the aggregate monetary value of the total stock of the assets, assuming a high degree of substitutability among the various asset types.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Q31. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Kutch Biosphere Reserve is known for Indian wild ass.
Statement II: Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve is famous for Red Panda.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Q32. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Most species in the world go extinct because humans kill them.
Statement II: The Western Ghats region harbours the largest global population of Asian elephant.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Q51. Consider the following Acts and Policy:

(1) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
(2) Water Cess Act
(3) The National Water Policy
(4) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act.

With reference to the Acts and Policy mentioned above, in terms of their starting year, which one of the following is the correct ascending order? Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q52. Arrange the following conventions in chronological order:

(1) Convention to combat desertification
(2) Convention on biological diversity
(3) Convention on trade in endangered species
(4) Convention on wetlands.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q53. Arrange the following states in relation to percentage of the total area under forest cover from highest to lowest:

(1) Mizoram
(2) Meghalaya
(3) Manipur
(4) Nagaland.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q92. Match List I with List II:

List-I (Environmental Policy):
a. Wildlife Conservation Strategy
b. National Biodiversity Action Plan
c. National Forest Policy
d. National Zoo Policy

List-II (Year):
i. 2014
ii. 1991
iii. 2002
iv. 1988.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

HPAS 2021 Environment Questions

Q78. ‘Day Zero’ refers to which city in South Africa?
Q79. ECOLEX is controlled by:
Q80. Most of the air pollution that we experience is located in:
Q81. Deep underground reservoirs of water are called as:
Q82. Who gave the concept of biodiversity hotspots?
Q83. Which of the following sanctuaries is not known for tigers?
Q84. When was the process of identifying the key Biodiversity Areas started in India?
Q85. Match List I with List II:

List I (Air Pollution Incident):
(a) Meuse (1930)
(b) Donora (1948)
(c) Bhopal (1984)
(d) London (1952)

List II (Country):
(i) England
(ii) India
(iii) USA
(iv) Belgium.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q86. Match List I with List II:

List I (Plant Name Local):
(a) Toona
(b) Khejri
(c) Alder
(d) Jammi

List II (State):
(i) Telangana
(ii) Manipur
(iii) Rajasthan
(iv) Nagaland.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q87. Match List I with List II:

List I (Sanctuary):
(a) Bhadra
(b) Dalma
(c) Gumti
(d) Jaldapara

List II (Location):
(i) Jharkhand
(ii) Tripura
(iii) West Bengal
(iv) Karnataka.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q88. Match List I with List II:

List I (Wetland):
(a) Deepor Beel
(b) Asthamudi
(c) Loktak
(d) Kanjali

List II (State):
(i) Kerala
(ii) Assam
(iii) Punjab
(iv) Manipur.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q89. Match List I with List II:

List I (Policy):
(a) Wildlife
(b) Forest
(c) Environment
(d) Pollution

List II (Year):
(i) 1992
(ii) 1972
(iii) 1988
(iv) 2006.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

HPAS 2020 Environment Questions

Q47. Desertification leads to decline in ___________
Q48. Where are the levels of erosion highest?
Q49. Deforestation adversely affects the ________.
Q50. Desertification often occurs in ________.
Q51. Accelerated erosion chiefly occurs in ________.
Q90. Given below are two statements:

Statement 1: The amount of usable energy remains constant as it is passed from one trophic level to another.
Statement 2: The energy within an ecosystem is constant and never changes.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

HPAS 2019 Environment Questions

Q64. Which of the following is the primary goal for sustainable development?
Q65. Eco-mark label of India is-
Q66. Mass extinction of species do not occur due to which of the following factors-

HPAS 2018 Environment Questions

Q1. Which of the following concentrations of Ozone in ambient air is considered good?
Q2. The intensity of a normal conversation in decibel is between:
Q3. The impacts caused by the construction of dams and reservoirs include all, except:
Q4. Which of the following processes does not occur in the water cycle?
Q5. Match List-1 and List-2 and choose the correct answer from the codes given below:

List-1 (Events):
I. Appiko Movement
II. Narmada Bachao Andolan
III. People for Animals
IV. Resurrection of Kali Bein rivulet

List-2 (Names):
i. Maneka Gandhi
ii. Appu and Mamtha
iii. Balbir Singh Seechewal
iv. Medha Patkar

Code:
Q6. Match the items given in Column-1 and Column-2 and choose the correct answer from the codes given below:

Column-1 (Protocols/Summits):
(P) The Montreal Protocol
(Q) The Paris Agreement
(R) The Rio Summit
(S) First UN IPCC Conference

Column-2 (Years):
i. 1992
ii. 1995
iii. 1987
iv. 2015

Code:

HPAS 2017 Environment Questions

Q82. Match the items given in column I and II:

Column-I:
(P) Montreal Protocol
(Q) Vienna Convention
(R) Kyoto Protocol
(S) Earth Summit

Column-II:
1. Protection of Ozone Layer
2. Stabilization of Greenhouse Gases
3. Environment and Sustainable Development
4. Total Elimination of Ozone Depleting Substances.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q83. In the context of environment, the term “dirty dozen” refers to:

(1) 12 ozone layer depleting substances
(2) 12 persistent organic pollutants
(3) 12 most harmful greenhouse gases
(4) 12 most degraded ecosystems.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Q84. Vast majority of biodiversity occur in:
Q85. “Appiko Movement” was led by:
Q86. Freshwater present on earth is:
Q87. Which industry’s labourers are most prone to Cytosilicosis disease?
Q88. Match the items given in column I and II:

Column-I:
(P) Biological Diversity Act
(Q) E-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules
(R) Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Trans-boundary Movement) Rules
(S) Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules

Column-II:
1. 2000
2. 2008
3. 2011
4. 2002.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Q89. In which year “Project Crocodile” was launched in India?
Q90. Which of the following is a non-renewable energy source?

HPAS 2016 Environment Questions

Q81. The number of Wetlands in India listed under Ramsar Convention is: *(As per the exam year)*
Q82. India ratified the Stockholm Convention for protecting human health and the environment from persistent organic pollutants in:
Q83. Which of the following represents the major loss to the human kind due to environmental degradation?
Q84. United Nations has declared 2017 as the International Year of:
Q85. The global agreement that deals with the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal is called:
Q86. Which of the following is the most promising biodiesel crop?
Q87. The biological oxygen demand of water is reduced mainly by:
Q88. Dead zones in the world’s oceans and large lakes are characterized by:
Q89. The use of carbon tax has been very successful to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases in:
Q90. One of the better achievements of Kanha National Park is:

HPAS 2014 Environment Questions

Q73. How many Biosphere Reserves are there in India? *(As per the exam year)*
Q74. The UN Convention on Biodiversity was ratified by the Indian Government in the year:
Q75. Apart from carbon dioxide, which of the following gases also has a role in climate change?
Q76. At present which country is the maximum emitter of carbon dioxide?
Q77. As per the IPCC 4th Assessment Report, the average sea level during the period 1961-2003 increased approximately at the rate of:
Q78. In India, the forest cover percentage of the total geographical area of the country is approximately?
Q79. Driving force for an ecosystem is:
Q80. Which of the following has the maximum biodiversity?
Q81. At present the primary energy source in the world is:
Q82. World Ozone Day is celebrated on:

HPAS 2013 Environment Questions

Q79. In a national park protection is provided to:
Q80. Soil erosion can be prevented by:
Q81. Climatology is the science of:
Q82. Ultimate source of energy for living being is:
Q83. ‘Jhum’ is a term used for:

HPAS 2011 Environment Questions

Q79. Fly ash is an environmental pollutant produced by:
Q80. The environmental planning organization is:
Q81. Shallow lakes with rich organic products are called:
Q82. In coming years, skin related disorders will become more common due to:
Q83. Loss of forests, urbanization, and increasing pollution are all due to:
Q84. What is the animal symbol of WWF (World Wildlife Fund)?
Q85. Plant genes of endangered species are stored in:
Q86. The State bird of Rajasthan is:
Q87. Soil erosion is more when:
Q88. Ecology takes into account:
Q89. Sun-loving plants are:

HPAS 2010 Environment Questions

Q1. Carbon dioxide absorbs strongly in the infrared region and its presence in the atmosphere decreases the loss of heat from the earth by radiations. This is called:
Q2. Freons cause great environmental damage. They are:
Q97. The definition of biosphere is:
Q98. Rhododendron is the characteristic vegetation of:
Q99. Some reliable indicators of pollution are:
Q100. The gas released during the Bhopal gas tragedy was:

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